Table 2. Therapies targeting gut microbiota

Type	Drug or method	Effect		Ref
		Th17/Treg ratio	Microbiota
Plant extract	Rabdosia serra	Reduce	Lactobacillus ↑ Bacteroidetes ↑	[5]
	Stigmasterol	Reduce	Clostridia, Helicobacter ↑ Streptococcus ↓	[94]
	Juglone	Reduce	Firmicutes ↑ Bacteroidetes ↓	[95]
	Parthenolide	Reduce	Alloprevotella ↑ Bacteroides ↓	[96]
Probiotics	Lactobacillus paracasei R3	Reduce	-	[97]
	Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG	Reduce	-	[98]
	Lactobacillus acidophilus	Reduce	-	[99]
Carbohydrate	Pectic oligosaccharides	Reduce	Bacteroidetes ↑ Firmicutes ↓	[100]
	Isomaltulose	Reduce	Bacteroidetes ↑ Firmicutes ↓	[101]
Fatty acid	Linoleic acid	Reduce	Bacteroidetes ↑ Firmicutes ↓	[6]
	Butyrate	Reduce	-	[102]

Th, T helper; Treg, regulatory T.