Table 1. Significance test between demographic characteristics and periodontal disease using Chi-square

Demographic characteristics	Division	Periodontal disease				Chi-square (p-value)
		No	%	Yes	%
Total		7,578	68.26	3,524	31.74
Gender	Male	3,048	40.22	1,960	55.62	229.68 (< 0.001)
	Female	4,530	59.78	1,564	44.38
Age group	20–39	3,016	39.8	392	11.12	1,001.8 (< 0.001)
	40–64	3,457	45.62	2,112	59.93
	65 ≤	1,105	14.58	1,020	28.94
Basic living allowance	Yes	426	5.62	256	7.26	10.978 (< 0.001)
	No	7,152	94.38	3,268	92.74
Education	Elementary school	893	11.78	835	23.69	587.75 (< 0.001)
	Middle school	756	9.98	549	15.58
	High school	2,164	28.56	1,178	33.43
	College/university	3,336	44.02	833	23.64
	Graduate school	429	5.66	129	3.66
Economic activity status	Yes	4,660	61.49	2,262	64.19	7.3258 (0.006)
	No	2,918	38.51	1,262	35.81